amit has put it beautifully
in simple language ... all machineries need some periodic maintainance for their continuing good performance which we refer to as tuning or servicing. an lpg or cng system also requires this periodic tuning for optimum performance
in the standard kit .. the tune up every 2-3-4 months or less or more, is done manually by the lpg/cng mechanic and this system is known as the open loop system
an add on electronic device to the standard kit can be installed known as the lambda control system, whereby the functions of tuning the car are done automatically by the lambda, minimising the need for periodic manual maintainance. systems working with the lamda are popularly referred to as the closed loop systems. lambda cannot correct faults or deficiencies in the engine ... it only adjusts the gas system to some such faults or deficiencies
thus, lambda does not altogether do away with the need for professional attention, as in the automatic control system of an ac. lambda only minimises such need. professional attention is still required periodically to maintain the gas system to correct the faults and more particularly to safeguard against possible gas leakages
there is another drawback .. lambda is complicatedly wired to the sensors and ecm of the car. if water or moisture contact takes place or there is a short circuit .. th gas wiring could blow off the sensor or the terribly expensive ecm of the car .. besides sometimes when the car stalls for these reasons .. the car may not work on both petrol and gas and may require towing.
i have mostly used lpg .. always without the lambda .. and have always been the happiest. but i understand that lambda is advisable for cng kits as in the absence of lambda cng tends to require very frequent tuning sometimes in less than a month and that becomes quite irritating
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